Type 1 Diabetes Diagnosis

Type 1 diabetes is typically diagnosed through a combination of medical history, physical examination, and laboratory tests. Blood tests are conducted to measure blood glucose levels and detect autoantibodies associated with the destruction of insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. These tests include fasting plasma glucose (FPG) test, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and the measurement of specific autoantibodies like islet cell antibodies (ICA) and glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GADA).

Yes, type 1 diabetes can be diagnosed in adults. While it is commonly associated with childhood, adults can develop type 1 diabetes too. The diagnostic criteria and tests for type 1 diabetes are the same regardless of age, including blood glucose measurement and autoantibody testing. If symptoms are present, adults should consult a healthcare professional for proper evaluation and diagnosis.

1. Excessive thirst (polydipsia)
2. Frequent urination (polyuria)
3. Unexplained weight loss
4. Fatigue and weakness
5. Increased hunger (polyphagia)
6. Blurred vision
7. Slow-healing wounds or frequent infections
8. Irritability or mood changes
9. Sweet-smelling breath (fruity odor)
10. High levels of ketones in the blood or urine