Sweat Chloride Test

The Sweat Chloride Test is a diagnostic procedure used to measure the concentration of chloride ions in a person's sweat. It is primarily employed to diagnose cystic fibrosis, a genetic disorder that leads to the production of thick, sticky mucus in various organs. By analyzing chloride levels, healthcare professionals can make an accurate diagnosis.

The test is performed to confirm or rule out cystic fibrosis. Cystic fibrosis leads to abnormal chloride transport in sweat glands, resulting in increased chloride levels in sweat. This test helps detect elevated chloride levels, indicating the presence of the disease. It's an essential tool in diagnosing cystic fibrosis in infants and young children.

The procedure involves collecting sweat, usually from the forearm, through a process called iontophoresis or pilocarpine iontophoresis. The collected sweat is then analyzed in a lab to determine chloride concentration. It's a safe and painless test, often performed in specialized cystic fibrosis centers.

While it is a valuable tool in cystic fibrosis diagnosis, false-positive or false-negative results are possible. Other factors like medications, age, and test technique can influence the results. Clinicians consider various factors when interpreting the test outcome, and additional testing may be required in uncertain cases.